![]() ![]() These cyclic anomers of sugars are in equilibrium with each other in solution form and spontaneously interconvert by the process of mutarotation.įor example, α-D glucose and β-D glucose are anomers to each other. The resultant structures are designated as alpha(α) or beta(β) carbohydrates. Based on these possibilities, that specific carbon is called the anomeric carbon, and also the stereogenic center.ĭuring the ring formation of carbohydrates ( Aldose and Ketose sugars), at C-1 of aldoses and C-2 of ketoses, an anomeric carbon center is formed. There exist two possibilities of the orientation of the hydroxyl group present on such carbon centers. ![]() In carbohydrates, these stereoisomers are created by intermolecular cyclization through acetal or ketal groups. The anomeric center is also termed as the stereogenic center in stereoisomers. ![]() Concepts Berg Anomeric center, The epimeric carbon.Identification of Alpha and Beta Sugars.Mutarotation: The change between two anomers in solution when the corresponding stereocenters interconvert. Β form: The configuration of a cyclic monosaccharide where the oxygen attached to the anomeric carbon is on the same side of the ring as the CH₂ OH group. Α form: The configuration of a cyclic monosaccharide where the oxygen attached to the anomeric carbon is on the opposite side of the ring from the CH₂ OH group. Stereoisomers: Each of two or more compounds differing only in the spatial arrangement of their atoms.Īnomers: A type of stereoisomer that differs in configuration at the hemiacetal or acetal carbon they are a specific type of epimer.Īnomeric carbon: A carbon derived from the carbonyl carbon (the ketone or aldehyde functional group) of the open-chain form of the carbohydrate molecule. Haworth projection: A simple three-dimensional representation of a monosaccharide. Monosaccharides: The basic unit of carbohydrates that cannot be hydrolyzed to simpler chemical compounds with the general formula (CH 2O) n.Īqueous solutions: Solutions in which the solvent is water.įischer projection: A two-dimensional representation of a molecule that maintains information about its absolute configuration. In an aqueous solution, an equilibrium mixture forms between the two anomers and the straight-chain structure of a monosaccharide in a process known as mutarotation. ![]()
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